Electric oven.



O. S. STEWARD.

ELECTRIC OVEN.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 12, 1913.

Patented Feb. 17, 1914.

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CLARENCE S. STEWARD, OE CHATTANOOGA, TENNESSEE.

ELECTRIC OVEN.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed November 1%. 1913. Serial No. 800,629.

' Chattanooga, in the county of Hamilton and State of Tennessee, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Electric .Ovens; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable'others skilled in the ,art 'towhich it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters and figures of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

This invention relates to certain new and useful improvements in 'that class of electric cooking ovens in which heating plates or units are provided and it has for its object the provision of an oven of this character in which provision is had whereby articles contained within the oven can be subj ected to a dry heat or cooked within a moist atmosphere as may be desired.

The invention has for a further object the provision of an electrically heated oven in which the walls of the chamber are imperfo rate and in which heating units are provided at the top and bottom of the chamber so that heat may be imparted to the oven from either the top of bottom or both top and bottom as desired.

A further object of the invention resides in the provision of valve-controlled connection between the upper portion of the oven and the outer air at a point slightlyabove the bottom of the oven.

The objects and advantages derived from these features of construction will hereinafter more fully appear.

To these ends and to such. others as the invention may pertain, the same consists in the novel construction of the oven and in the peculiar arrangement, combination and adaptation of parts, all as will be more fully hereinafter described, shown in the accompanying drawings and then specifically defined in the appended claims.

The invention is clearly illustrated in the accompanying drawings, which, with the letters of reference marked thereon, form a part of, this specification and in which Figure l is a horizontal section taken through an oven embodying my invention,

and Fig. 2 is a central vertical section of the same.

Reference now being had to the details of the drawings by numeral, 1 represents a casing forming the outer portion of the oven. This casing is provided with outer and in ner walls 2 and 3 respectively, the intervening space between the said walls being filled with a mineral wool or other suitable nonconducting material. The interior of the chamber is provided at its top and bottom with electric heat units 4 and 5 respectively. These units may be of any approved construction which may be found adapted to the purpose. In the drawings, however, I have shown a form of heater which consists of a plate or body portion of steatite or.soap stone, the resistance wires being carried within horizontally disposed chambers formed in the body of the unit, the said chambers communicating with the face of the unit through contracted slots, the units being electrically connected by means of switches 6 and 7.

The oven is provided at opposite sides at points adjacent to the top of the oven with tubes 8, which tubes extend downwardly between the side walls of the oven and open at their lower ends into the outer air at the bottom of the oven, the outlets 9 being provided with operating valves 10 whereby communication with the interior of the oven can be regulated. The front of the oven is provided with a tightly closing transparent door 11 through which access is had to the interior of the chamber. The inner faces of the opposite side walls of the chamber are provided with metallic brackets 12, 12 which are designed to support at any desired height slotted metallic shelves. The oven is de signed to be provided with suitable supports, such as legs 13, shown in the drawings.

It will be noted that the valve-controlled the valve-controlled outlets of the tubes.

When, upon the other hand, it is desired to cook by the wet process, it is simply necessary to close the tubes thereby confining the Patent ed Feb. 1 7, 1914.

moisture within the closed interior of the oven.

In the use of the oven in certain lines of cooking, such for instance as the roasting of meat, it is quite essential that the roast should be so cooked as to preserve in a great measure the moisture which is contained within the meat and this, it will be noted, can be readily accomplished by the closing of the valves at the outlet tubes, thus confining the steam thrown off by the meat during the cooking process and maintaining the moisture within the oven. Upon the other hand, if the oven is used for baking purposes, it is essential that the interior of the oven should be as free as possible from moisture which could be accomplished by the opening of the outlet valves.

The placing of heat units at both the top and bottom of the oven, the units being so disposed and electrically connected vas to render it possible to use the units either singly or in unison, will be found decidedly advantageous in baking, as the heat being radiated from both top and bottom simul taneously serves to permit an even, uniform browning of both bottom and top surf-aces of the loaf. It will be noted that, if,'upon looking through the transparent door of the oven, it should at any time be found that more heat would be required either at the top or bottom of the loaf in order to produce the most effectual browning of the loaf, this can be readily accomplished by shutting oft" the current from either the top or bottom heat unit as may be necessary. Having thus described my invention, what I claim to be new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1- 1. An electric oven comprising a chamber intervening space between the walls packed with suitable nonconducting material, a heat unit inclosed within the chamber, valve-' controlled outlet tubes extending from openings provided at the tops of the side walls and having their out-let ends in the lower portion of the oven, substantially as shown and described.

2. An electric oven of the character described, the same comprising a chamber, the walls of which are packed with mineral wool or other nonconducting material, heat units disposed within the oven at the top and bottom thereof, valve -controlled tubes communicating at their upper ends with the upper portion of the oven and their lower ends at the bottom of the oven being provided with suitable check valves, substantially as shown and described.

3. The herein described electric oven, the same comprising a chamber, the side walls of which are packed with nonconducting material, the side walls upon opposite sides of the oven being provided with tubes communicating at their upper ends with the interior of the upper portion of the oven ,and at their lowei ends being provided with valve-controlled outlets, independent heating units disposed at the top and bottom of 

